step 3.3. Risk Affairs
Compared with men with BMI? 25 kg/m 2 , the age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis was over four-fold higher in those with BMI < 25 (odds ratio (OR) 4.4 (1.51, ) in age-adjusted model (Table 3). The association between BMI and osteopenia was similar among overweight/obese and normal weight men, although not statistically significant (Table 3).
Both Body mass index and you can pounds was correlated with BMD, and BMC evidence in addition to most powerful Pearson’s relationship coefficients was discovered between lbs and you can BMC as a whole hip and trochanter regions and the latest weakest ones was between Bmi and femoral shoulder BMC. Brand new correlations ranging from many years and you may BMD and you may BMC signs have been bad (Table cuatro).
The age-modified ratio out of BMD and you can BMC variation explained by the Body mass index and you may pounds is found during the Desk 5. Pounds had a tendency to tell you higher variations in BMD and BMC shipping anyway this new studied skeletal sites as compared to Bmi. This is shown of the steeper slope (?) of particular linear regression lines. The most effective difference in BMD and BMC distribution looked on trochanter BMC accompanied by lumbar BMC having pounds. Pounds is a vital predictor out of BMD and BMC version in old Iranian guys.
cuatro. Discussion
In this study, both BMI and weight were associated with BMD, and obesity significantly decreased the risk for osteoporosis in men. These results are consistent with most previous studies, particularly in postmenopausal women, which indicated that lower BMI and weight were associated with lower BMD. Prospective studies found that the early postmenopausal women who have low BMI lose more bones compared to those with higher BMI tertiles [4, 8]. In other cross-sectional studies, however, thinness is related to both osteoporosis and increased fracture risk [10, 11]. Iqbal et al. found that low BMI is a good indicator for referral of women less than 60 years old for measurements of BMD. Similar studies also reported a consistent finding that lower BMI was associated with lower BMD [5, 6, 28]. In a study similar to ours, those with lower BMI were at higher risk of low BMD . The Studies of National Osteoporosis Foundation and others suggested that low BMI should be included in the risk assessment tools for evaluation of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture risk [29–31]. We found that men with BMI < 25 had 4.4 (95% CI 1.5, 12.8) times higher age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis than men with BMI ? 25. In contrast, Steinschneider et al. in a cross-sectional study reported that the correlation between BMD at the femoral neck and BMI was highly positive among postmenopausal women. A hospital-based study conducted in elderly men reported that overweight and obese men were more likely to have osteoporosis and osteopenia . The possible explanation for the discrepancies between these results might be related to populations, research designs, sampling methods, and methodological differences.
The latest elements wherein fat exerts results to the BMD standing are not totally clear. New putative apparatus importance regarding adipose tissue for skeletal ethics probably stays in the fresh new part of several adipokines in limbs remodeling as a result of affect each other formation and you can resorption. Has just, bone might have been believed a keen endocrine body organ impacting lbs control and you will glucose homoeostasis from tips away from bones-derived affairs for example osteocalcin and you will osteopontin [23, 34–36]. The putative crosstalk ranging from weight therefore the bones constitutes a beneficial homoeostatic opinions program where adipokines and molecules released of the osteoblasts and you will osteoclasts depict the link away from an energetic bone-adipose axis [34–36]. Carrying excess fat is also of this BMD by the transformation out of androgen so you can the hormone estrogen , and that enhances bone bulk in someone [38, 39] and you will retains healthy plasma quantities of insulin and regulating points along with insulin-instance development basis-step 1, leptin https://datingranking.net/escort-directory/, and adiponectin . Additionally, obesity provides padding toward hip in case there are a slide . However, brand new systems whereby many of these incidents exists will still be undecided.
